Concrete Mix Design Using Particle Packing Method: Literature Review, Analysis, and Computation

Abstract

Particle packing technology is used to reduce the
amount of cement in concrete by optimizing the
concrete mix, resulting in more sustainable concrete. In
this study, four different methods were used to
determine the distribution of the mixture presented;
packing density method, packing density method, IS
code method, and packing density method. In the
packing density method, the paste content that exceeds
the voids will increase along with the increase in the
quality of the concrete. In cases of packing density, the
cement-water ratio decreases with the quality of the
concrete. In the packing of too many trials, trials and
tribulations should be carried out to achieve the ratio of
water-cement and paste content for a certain grade of
concrete. This correlation curve helps reduce the
experiments involved in determining the ratio of semen
and paste content for a given concrete quality. The
water and cement contents for the packing density and
the IS code method are almost the same for each
particular concrete class. The workability of concrete
achieved was more in the packing density method than
the IS code method for the same concrete quality,
because the water-cement ratio was slightly higher in
the packing density method than the IS code method.
The required fine aggregate particles are more in terms
of packing density method compared to the IS code
method. Therefore, more water and cement are required
in terms of packing density. The correlation curve can
be used to determine the ratio of water-cement and
paste the content that exceeds the voids for a certain
concrete quality